What causes back pain

Back pain can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Muscle or ligament strain: Overstretching or tearing of muscles or ligaments in the back can lead to pain. This can occur due to improper lifting, sudden movements, or poor posture.
2. Herniated or slipped discs: The spine is composed of vertebrae that are cushioned by discs. When a disc bulges or ruptures, it can press on nearby nerves, resulting in back pain.
3. Degenerative disc disease: With age, the discs between the vertebrae can break down and lose their cushioning ability. This condition can cause chronic low back pain.
4. Arthritis: Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can affect the joints in the spine, leading to pain and stiffness.
5. Osteoporosis: This condition causes a weakening of the bones, making them more prone to fractures. Compression fractures in the vertebrae can result in severe back pain.
6. Poor posture and ergonomics: Prolonged sitting or standing in unhealthy positions can strain the muscles and ligaments of the back, leading to pain.
7. Muscle imbalances: Weak or imbalanced muscles, particularly the core muscles that support the spine, can contribute to back pain.
8. Trauma or injury: Accidents, falls, or sports injuries can cause fractures, sprains, or strains in the back, resulting in pain.
9. Spinal stenosis: This condition involves the narrowing of the spinal canal, putting pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, leading to back pain.
10. Other medical conditions: Certain medical conditions such as kidney stones, infections, or tumors in the spine can cause back pain.

It's important to note that the causes of back pain can vary from person to person, and a healthcare professional should be consulted for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.